DE LOVE STORY BOOK FUNDATION OSUN CHAPTER
LECTURE ON SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES
by: Comr. Adekunle Adesiyan
The term Sexually transmitted disease is used to cover the more than 25-30 infectious organisms that are spread through sexual activity.
STDs are almost always spread from person to person by sexual activity.
Being a communicable diseases, these infections are most easily spread by vaginal or anal intercourse, and
sometimes by oral sex.
Some STDs can also be spread through blood, particularly among intravenous (IV) drug users who may be sharing drug equipment (needles and syringes)
In addition, pregnant women with STDs may pass their infection to infants in the uterus (womb), during birth, or through breast-feeding signifying another way in which the infections can bbe transmitted.
Most people, i repeat most people with STDs have no symptoms or signs of the infections which makes many people vulnerable to the disease/infection.
when contacted without treatment these diseases can lead to major health problems such as not being able to
get pregnant (infertility) in women and ladies, permanent brain
damage, heart disease, cancer, and even death when gotten to extreme
so the best advice is to go for medical checkup in health care centers or even do to doctors for testing and treatment where applicable if you know you are vulnerable or doubting your status
*What Causes Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)?*
STDs are most often caused by viruses and bacteria, fungi, protozoa, parasites.
Examples include:
*STDs caused by viruses*
Genital herpes ( herpes simplex virus)
Genital warts (human papillomavirus virus
[HPV ])
Hepatitis B and D and infrequently, A*,C*,E* (hepatitis viruses, types A-E)
HIV/AIDS ( human immunodeficiency virus [HIV virus])
Molluscum contagiosum* (poxvirus)
*STD caused by protozoan*
Trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis)
*STD's* caused by fungi*
Jock itch (Tenia cruris)
*Yeast infections*
( Candida albicans )
*STD's caused by parasites*
Pubic lice or crabs ( Pediculosis pubis )
Scabies (Sarcoptes scabiei)
What are *Risk factors*.
Things we do that make us vulnerable. Factors that may increase that risk include:
- Having unprotected sex. Vaginal or anal
penetration by an infected partner who
isn't wearing a latex condom.
-Improper or inconsistent use of condoms can also increase your risk.
-Oral sex may be less risky, but infections can still be transmitted without a latex
condom or dental dam.
- Having sexual contact with multiple partners.
- Having a history of STIs.
-Anyone forced to have sexual intercourse or sexual activity.
-Injecting drugs.
-Needle sharing spreads many serious infections, including HIV,
hepatitis B and hepatitis
*Signs and Symptoms*
STD can have
a range of signs and symptoms, including no
symptoms.
That's why they may go unnoticed until complications occur or a partner is
diagnosed.
Signs and symptoms that might indicate an STD include:
- Sores or bumps on the genitals or in the
oral or rectal area.
-Painful or burning urination
-Discharge from the penis
-Unusual or odd-smelling vaginal
discharge
-Unusual vaginal bleeding
-Pain during sex
-Lower abdominal pain
-Fever
-Rash over the trunk, hands or feet
*Complications*
Possible complications include;
Pelvic pain
Pregnancy complications
Eye inflammation
Arthritis
Pelvic inflammatory disease
Infertility
Heart disease
Certain cancers, such as HPV-associated cervical and rectal cancers
*Prevention method*
There are several ways to avoid or reduce your risk of sexually transmitted infections which includes:
- Abstaining.
- Stay with one uninfected partner.
- Wait and verify for your partner status.
-Vaccines are available to prevent human
papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis A and hepatitis B.
*Treatment*
The best form of prevention nd treatment is *Abstinence*.
Though STDs caused by bacteria and other infectious diseases can also be treated with antibiotics while STDs caused because virus can not be treated but managed not to cause complications
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